函数名: stat 功 能: 读取打开文件信息 用 法: int stat(char *pathname, struct stat *buff); 程序例: <?xml:namespace prefix="o" ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"?>
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#define FILENAME "TEST.$$$"
int main(void) { struct stat statbuf; FILE *stream;
/* open a file for update */ if ((stream = fopen(FILENAME, "w+")) == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open output file.\n"); return(1); }
/* get information about the file */ stat(FILENAME, &statbuf);
fclose(stream);
/* display the information returned */ if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFCHR) printf("Handle refers to a device.\n"); if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFREG) printf("Handle refers to an ordinary file.\n"); if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IREAD) printf("User has read permission on file.\n"); if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IWRITE) printf("User has write permission on file.\n");
printf("Drive letter of file: %c\n", 'A'+statbuf.st_dev); printf("Size of file in bytes: %ld\n", statbuf.st_size); printf("Time file last opened: %s\n", ctime(&statbuf.st_ctime)); return 0; }
函数名: _status87 功 能: 取浮点状态 用 法: unsigned int _status87(void); 程序例:
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int main(void) { float x; double y = 1.5e-100;
printf("Status 87 before error: %x\n", _status87());
x = y; /* <-- force an error to occur */ y = x;
printf("Status 87 after error : %x\n", _status87()); return 0; }
函数名: stime 功 能: 设置时间 用 法: int stime(long *tp); 程序例:
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int main(void) { time_t t; struct tm *area;
t = time(NULL); area = localtime(&t); printf("Number of seconds since 1/1/1970 is: %ld\n", t); printf("Local time is: %s", asctime(area));
t++; area = localtime(&t); printf("Add a second: %s", asctime(area));
t += 60; area = localtime(&t); printf("Add a minute: %s", asctime(area));
t += 3600; area = localtime(&t); printf("Add an hour: %s", asctime(area));
t += 86400L; area = localtime(&t); printf("Add a day: %s", asctime(area));
t += 2592000L; area = localtime(&t); printf("Add a month: %s", asctime(area));
t += 31536000L; area = localtime(&t); printf("Add a year: %s", asctime(area)); return 0; }
函数名: stpcpy 功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个 用 法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char string[10]; char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
stpcpy(string, str1); printf("%s\n", string); return 0; }
函数名: strcat 功 能: 字符串拼接函数 用 法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char destination[25]; char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";
strcpy(destination, Borland); strcat(destination, blank); strcat(destination, c);
printf("%s\n", destination); return 0; }
函数名: strchr 功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处\ 用 法: char *strchr(char *str, char c); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char string[15]; char *ptr, c = 'r';
strcpy(string, "This is a string"); ptr = strchr(string, c); if (ptr) printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string); else printf("The character was not found\n"); return 0; }
函数名: strcmp 功 能: 串比较 用 法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc"; int ptr;
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1); if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"); else printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3); if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n"); else printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
return 0; }
函数名: strncmpi 功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写 用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb"; int ptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr < 0) printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr == 0) printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return 0; }
函数名: strcpy 功 能: 串拷贝 用 法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char string[10]; char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
strcpy(string, str1); printf("%s\n", string); return 0; }
函数名: strcspn 功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段 用 法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *string1 = "1234567890"; char *string2 = "747DC8"; int length;
length = strcspn(string1, string2); printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d\n", length);
return 0; }
函数名: strdup 功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处 用 法: char *strdup(char *str); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";
dup_str = strdup(string); printf("%s\n", dup_str); free(dup_str);
return 0; }
函数名: stricmp 功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串 用 法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb"; int ptr;
ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr < 0) printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr == 0) printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return 0; }
函数名: strerror 功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针 用 法: char *strerror(int errnum); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *buffer; buffer = strerror(errno); printf("Error: %s\n", buffer); return 0; }
函数名: strcmpi 功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写 用 法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb"; int ptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr < 0) printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr == 0) printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return 0; }
函数名: strncmp 功 能: 串比较 用 法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen); 程序例:
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int main(void)
{ char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc"; int ptr;
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3); if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"); else printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3); if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n"); else printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
return(0); }
函数名: strncmpi 功 能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写 用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc"; int ptr;
ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);
if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr < 0) printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr == 0) printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return 0; }
函数名: strncpy 功 能: 串拷贝 用 法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char string[10]; char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
strncpy(string, str1, 3); string[3] = '\0'; printf("%s\n", string); return 0; }
函数名: strnicmp 功 能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串 用 法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc"; int ptr;
ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);
if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr < 0) printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if (ptr == 0) printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return 0; }
函数名: strnset 功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符 用 法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; char letter = 'x';
printf("string before strnset: %s\n", string); strnset(string, letter, 13); printf("string after strnset: %s\n", string);
return 0; }
函数名: strpbrk 功 能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符 用 法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; char *string2 = "onm"; char *ptr;
ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);
if (ptr) printf("strpbrk found first character: %c\n", *ptr); else printf("strpbrk didn't find character in set\n");
return 0; }
函数名: strrchr 功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现 用 法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char string[15]; char *ptr, c = 'r';
strcpy(string, "This is a string"); ptr = strrchr(string, c); if (ptr) printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string); else printf("The character was not found\n"); return 0; }
函数名: strrev 功 能: 串倒转 用 法: char *strrev(char *str); 程序例:
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int main(void) { char *forward = "string";
printf("Before strrev(): %s\n", forward); strrev(forward); printf("After strrev(): %s\n", forward); return 0; }